The Basics: Ohm's Law
Voltage (V)
The pressure pushing electrons through the circuit.
Measured in Volts (V)Current (I)
The flow of electrons traveling through the wires.
Measured in Amps (A)Resistance (R)
The obstacle slowing down the flow of electrons.
Measured in Ohms (Ω)
V = I × R
Voltage equals Current times Resistance.
Wire Color Legend (Voltage Potential)
Wires change color based on how much "pressure" (Voltage) is left at that point in the circuit.
High Voltage (Source)
0V (Return)
🔗 Series Circuit Simulator
In a series circuit, there is only one path for the electrons. If you add more resistors, the total resistance increases, and the current drops. The voltage is shared among resistors.
+
12V
-
Total Resistance (R_eq): 0 Ω
Total Current (I): 0 A
🛤️ Parallel Circuit Simulator
In a parallel circuit, there are multiple paths (branches). Adding more branches decreases the total resistance, allowing more current to flow. The voltage is the same across all branches.
+
12V
-
Equivalent Resistance (R_eq): 0 Ω
Total Current (I from battery): 0 A